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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2021-4-o2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-137</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETIC BASIS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые интрогрессивные формы культурного ячменя, полученные на основе межвидовых гибридов Hordeum vulgare  L. × Hordeum bulbosum L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New introgressive forms of cultivated barley obtained on the basis of interspecific hybrids Hordeum vulgare  L. × Hordeum bulbosum L.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пендинен</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pendinen</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отдел биотехнологии, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190031, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pendinen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пендинен Г.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пендинен Г.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pendinen G.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/137">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/137</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Привлечение чужеродного генетического материала ячменя луковичного Hordeum bulbosum L. для расширения разнообразия ячменя культурного Hordeum vulgare L. является важной задачей, поскольку вид H. bulbosum характеризуется рядом ценных признаков. Одним из путей использования генетического потенциала ячменя луковичного служит межвидовая гибридизация и получение на основе гибридов фертильных интрогрессивных линий H. vulgare. Цель исследования – получение новых интрогрессивных форм ярового ячменя с использованием межвидовых триплоидного (HvHbHb) и тетраплоидного (HbHbHvHv) гибридов культурного ячменя с ячменем луковичным для расширения коллекции интрогрессивных линий H. vulgare. Материал и методы. Для создания новых интрогрессивных форм, диплоидный ячмень культурный H. vulgare (2x) сорта ‘Roland’ опыляли пыльцой межвидовых гибридов: 1) триплоидного, полученного при скрещивании диплоидного ячменя сорта ‘Roland’ (2x, HvHv) c тетраплоидным образцом ячменя луковичного H. bulbosum W851 (4x, HbHbHbHb): H.vulgare ‘Roland (2x) × H. bulbosum W851 (4x) (HvHbHb); 2) тетраплоидного, полученного при использованиии в скрещивании тетраплоидного образцы H. bulbosum А17 (4x, HbHbHbHb) в качестве материнской формы и тетраплоидного культурного ячменя сорта ‘Borwina’ (4x, HvHvHvHv) в качестве опылителя: H. bulbosum A17 (4x) × H. vulgare ‘Borwina’ (4x) (HbHbHvHv). В потомстве от этих скрещиваний отбирали формы культурного ячменя с интрогрессией генетического материала ячменя луковичного, далее отбор продолжали в двух поколениях от самоопыления растений первого поколения, полученных в результате возвратных скрещиваний, то есть растений ВС1 с чужеродными интрогрессиями. Идентификацию и локализацию интрогрессий проводили с использованием метода флюоресцентной in situ гибридизации (GISH и FISH c хромосомоспецифичными маркерами). Результаты. При скрещивании культурного ячменя с триплоидным и тетраплоидным межвидовыми гибридами H. vulgare × H. bulbosum получены новые формы ячменя культурного с рекомбинантными хромосомами, среди которых выделено два растения с тремя терминальными интрогрессиями генетического материала ячменя луковичного. У первого растения, полученного на основе триплоидного гибрида, выявлены интрогресии в хромосомах 5HL; 1HL; 3HS. При сочетании в кариотипе двух гомологов с интрогрессией 5HL исходного размера у растений в потомстве наблюдается гибель проростков. У второго растения, полученного на основе тетраплоидного гибрида, выявлены интрогресии в хромосомах 5HL, 2HL, 7HS. В потомстве от самоопыления этой формы наличие интрогресии 2HL исходного размера в обоих гомологах приводит к стерильности растений. Выявлены формы с изменением размеров интрогрессий в 5HL и 3HS в потомстве первого растения и с изменением размеров интрогрессии в 2HL в потомстве второго растения, что свидетельствует о рекомбинации в мейозе в этих участках хромосом у растений ВС1. Заключение. При скрещивании культурного ячменя с триплоидным межвидовым гибридом H. vulgare × H. bulbosum в потомстве выявлено растение культурного ячменя с интрогрессиями в хромосомах 1HL, 5HL, 3HS. При скрещивании с тетраплоидным межвидовым гибридом выявлено растение культурного ячменя с интрогрессиями в хромосомах 2HL, 5HL, 7HS. На основе ярового сорта ячменя ‘Roland’ cозданы две серии новых интрогрессивных форм H. vulgare с различным сочетанием рекомбинантных хромосом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The use of alien genetic material of bulbous barley Hordeum bulbosum L. to increase the diversity of cultivated barley Hordeum vulgare L. is an important task, since H. bulbosum is characterized by a number of valuable traits. One of the ways to use the genetic potential of bulbous barley is the interspecific hybridization and obtaining fertile introgressive lines of H. vulgare based on interspecific hybrids. The aim of the study was to obtain new introgressive forms of spring barley using interspecific triploid (HvHbHb) and tetraploid (HbHbHvHv) hybrids of cultivated barley with bulbous barley to expand the collection of introgressive lines of H. vulgare. Materials and methods. To create new introgressive forms, diploid barley H. vulgare (2x) cv. ‘Roland’,  was crossed with interspecific hybrids H. vulgare cv. ‘Roland’(2x) × H. bulbosum W851 (4х) (HvHbHb), and H. bulbosum A17 (4x) × H. vulgare ‘Borwina’ (4x) (HbHbHvHv). Cultivated barley forms with introgression of the bulbous barley genetic material were selected from the offspring from these crosses; then the selection was continued in two progenies from self-pollination of selected BC1 plants with three alien introgressions. Identification and localization of introgressions was carried out using the method of fluorescent in situ hybridization (GISH and FISH with chromosome-specific markers). Results. The crossing of cultivated barley with triploid and tetraploid interspecific hybrids H. vulgare × H. bulbosum yielded new forms of cultivated barley with recombinant chromosomes, among which two plants with three terminal introgressions of the genetic material of bulbous barley were identified. The first plant, derived from a triploid hybrid, showed introgressions in chromosomes 5HL, 1HL and 3HS. When two homologues with the 5HL introgression of the initial size are combined in the karyotype, the lethality of seedlings is observed in the offspring plants. In the second plant obtained on the basis of a tetraploid hybrid introgression was revealed in chromosomes 5HL, 2HL, and 7HS. In the offspring from self-pollination of this form, the presence of the 2HL introgression of the original size in both homologues led to plant sterility. Forms with a change in size of the introgression in 5HL and 3HS in the offspring of the first plant and with a change in size of the introgression in 2HL in the offspring of the second plant were detected, which indicated that meiotic recombination had occurred in those chromosome regions in BC1 plants. Conclusions A barley plant with the introgression of bulbous barley chromatin into chromosomes 1HL, 5HL, and 3HS of cultivated barley was identified in the offspring from a cross of cultivated barley with a triploid interspecific hybrid H. vulgare × H. bulbosum. In crosses with a tetraploid interspecific hybrid, a barley plant with the introgression into chromosomes 2HL, 5HL, and 7HS was found. On the basis of ‘Roland’ spring barley cultivar, two series of new introgressive forms of H. vulgare with various combinations of recombinant chromosomes have been created.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ячмень</kwd><kwd>Hordeum vulgare</kwd><kwd>Hordeum  bulbosum</kwd><kwd>межвидовая гибридизация</kwd><kwd>in situ гибридизация</kwd><kwd>чужеродная интрогрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>barley</kwd><kwd>Hordeum vulgare</kwd><kwd>Hordeum bulbosum</kwd><kwd>interspesific hybridization</kwd><kwd>in situ  hybridization</kwd><kwd>alien introgression</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0662-2019-0006 «Поиск, поддержание жизнеспособности и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития, оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the State Assignment according to the Thematic Plan of VIR, Project No. 0662-2019-0006 “Search for, Viability Maintenance and Disclosure of the Potential of Hereditary Variation in the VIR Global Collection of Cereal and Groat Crops for the Development of an Optimized Genebank and its Sustainable Utilization in Plant Breeding and Crop Production”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bothmer R., Jacobsen N., Baden C., Jorgensen R.B., Linde-Laursen I. 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