bioselБиотехнология и селекция растенийPlant Biotechnology and Breeding2658-62662658-6258VIR10.30901/2658-6266-2023-4-o8biosel-209Research ArticleИЗУЧЕНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕТОДОВ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОЙ ГЕНЕТИКИSTUDY OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES USING MOLECULAR GENETICS METHODSДостижения в мировой и отечественной селекции пионов ( Paeonia L.)Achievements in world and domestic breeding of peonies (Paeonia L.)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9055-0986ИвановА. А.IvanovA. A.

Александр Александрович Иванов, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник, Лаборатория генетики, селекции и биотехнологии ягодных и декоративных культур, Отдел генетических ресурсов плодовых культур, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44,  ivashka_67@mail.ru 

 

Aleksandr A. Ivanov, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology of Berry and Ornamental Crops, Department of Fruit Crops Genetic Resources, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

a.ivanov@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8687-1592ВасильеваМ. В.VasilyevaM. V.

Марина Васильевна Васильева, младший научный сотрудник, Отдел генетических ресурсов плодовых культур, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Marina V. Vasilyeva, Junior Researcher, Department of Fruit Crops Genetic Resources, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

vasilieva@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-8860АнисимоваИ. Н.AnisimovaI. N.

Ирина Николаевна Анисимова, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Отдел генетики, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Irina N. Anisimova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Genetics, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

irina_anisimova@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1200-3113РахмангуловР. С.RakhmangulovR. S.

Руслан Султанович Рахмангулов, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией, Лаборатория генетики, селекции и биотехнологии ягодных и декоративных культур, Отдел генетических ресурсов плодовых культур, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Ruslan S. Rakhmangulov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Head, Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology of Berry and Ornamental Crops, Department of Fruit Crops Genetic Resources, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

r.rakhmangulov@vir.nw.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources202308042024646181Copyright © Иванов А.А., Васильева М.В., Анисимова И.Н., Рахмангулов Р.С., 20232023Иванов А.А., Васильева М.В., Анисимова И.Н., Рахмангулов Р.С.Ivanov A.A., Vasilyeva M.V., Anisimova I.N., Rakhmangulov R.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/209

Род Paeonia L. включает в себя как популярные декоративные, так и лекарственные растения, имеющие богатую историю культивирования и селекции. Селекция является важным процессом увеличения разнообразия ассортимента и получения новых сортов пионов с различными хозяйственно- ценными признаками, такими как: форма и окраска цветков, различные сроки цветения, устойчивость к болезням и абиотическим стрессорам. Основными методами, которые используются в селекции пионов, являются традиционные методы: внутривидовая, межвидовая и межсекционная гибридизация, но такие факторы, как длительный цикл размножения и трудоемкость процесса, ограничивают возможности развития селекционной работы. Использование методов биотехнологии и молекулярной генетики делает процесс селекции более эффективным. Использование ресурсов гермоплазмы и гибридизация позволят ускорить процесс создания новых сортов не только с различными декоративными признаками, но и с высокой адаптивностью к биотическим и абиотическим факторам, а также с устойчивостью к фитопатогенам и болезням. В данном обзоре освещены история отечественной и мировой селекции, пионов, современные направления и методология селекции этой культуры. Приведены сведения о достижениях и ограничениях, которые существуют в области молекулярно-биологического изучения пионов.

The genus Paeonia L. includes both popular ornamental and medicinal plants with a rich history of cultivation and breeding. Breeding is an important process of increasing the diversity of the assortment and creating new cultivars of peonies with various economically important characteristics, such as the shape and color of flowers, different flowering periods and resistance to diseases and abiotic stressors. The main methods used in the breeding of peonies are traditional methods, including intraspecific, interspecific and intersectional hybridization, however, such factors as a long reproduction cycle and the complexity of the breeding process limit the possibilities for good progress in this work. The application of methods of biotechnology and molecular genetics make the breeding process more efficient. The use of germplasm resources and hybridization will accelerate the process of creating new cultivars not only with various decorative features, but also those with high adaptability to biotic and abiotic factors and resistance to phytopathogens and diseases. This review highlights the history of domestic and foreign breeding, modern trends and methodology of peony breeding. Information is provided on the achievements and limitations that exist in the field of molecular biological study of peonies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.