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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2019-2-14-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика устойчивости перспективных образцов яровой мягкой пшеницы к листостебельным болезням</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chracteristic of perspective common spring wheat accessions for resistance to foliar diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-6076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рсалиев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rsaliyev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>080409, Казахстан, Жамбылская область, Кордайский район, пос. Гвардейский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gvardeisky Village, Kordaiskiy District, Zhambyl Province 080409, Kazakhstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aralbek@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-0307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гультяева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gultyaeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>196608, Россия, Санкт‑Петербург, Пушкин, шоссе Подбельского, д. 3;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Russia 3 Podbelskoko Shosse, St. Petersburg‑Pushkin 196608, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eigultyaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-6272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайдаюк</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaydayuk</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>196608, Россия, Санкт‑Петербург, Пушкин, шоссе Подбельского, д. 3;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Russia 3 Podbelskoko Shosse, St. Petersburg‑Pushkin 196608, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>196608, Россия, Санкт‑Петербург, Пушкин, шоссе Подбельского, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Russia 3 Podbelskoko Shosse, St. Petersburg‑Pushkin 196608, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-3441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молдажанова</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moldazhanova</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>080409, Казахстан, Жамбылская область, Кордайский район, пос. Гвардейский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gvardeisky Village, Kordaiskiy District, Zhambyl Province 080409, Kazakhstan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-3885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахратдинова</surname><given-names>Ж. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pahratdinova</surname><given-names>Z. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>080409, Казахстан, Жамбылская область, Кордайский район, пос. Гвардейский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gvardeisky Village, Kordaiskiy District, Zhambyl Province 080409, Kazakhstan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно‑исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно‑исследовательский институт защиты растений<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All‑Russian Institute of Plant Protection<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рсалиев А.С., Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л., Коваленко Н.М., Молдажанова Р.А., Пахратдинова Ж.У., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рсалиев А.С., Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л., Коваленко Н.М., Молдажанова Р.А., Пахратдинова Ж.У.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rsaliyev A.S., Gultyaeva E.I., Shaydayuk E.L., Kovalenko N.M., Moldazhanova R.A., Pahratdinova Z.U.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/22">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/22</self-uri><abstract><p>Листостебельные болезни (ржавчина и пятнистости) являются вредоносными для яровой пшеницы во всех зонах ее возделывания. Выращивание устойчивых сортов – экологически безопасный способ защиты. Целью исследований являлась комплексная оценка 44 перспективных образцов яровой мягкой пшеницы по устойчивости к листостебельным болезням и идентификация у них генов Lr и Sr. Изучаемый материал был получен из Казахстанско‑Сибирской сети улучшения яровой пшеницы (КАСИБ) в 2017 и 2018 гг. Полевые оценки устойчивости к бурой и стеблевой ржавчине, септориозу и пиренофорозу проводили в Южном Казахстане на инфекционном участке НИИ проблем биологической безопасности. В лабораторных условиях оценили проростковую устойчивость образцов пшеницы к пиренофорозу, бурой и стеблевой ржавчине. С использованием фитопатологического теста и молекулярных маркеров проведена идентификация генов Lr и Sr. В результате полевой оценки отобраны две линии (Лют. KS 14/09‑2 и СПЧС 69), с высокоэффективной групповой устойчивостью к ржавчине и пятнистостям. С использованием молекулярных маркеров у линии Лют. KS14/09‑2 определены кластер генов Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, ген Lr1, а также пшенично‑ржаная транслокация 1BL.1RS, несущая гены Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8. У линии СПЧС 69 выявлена транслокация от пырея с высокоэффективными генами устойчивости к стеблевой (Sr24) и бурой (Lr24) ржавчине и транслокация 1AL.1RS от ржи с комплексом эффективных генов устойчивости к грибным болезням и вредителям. Устойчивость к септориозу и пиренофорозу показали линии Лют. 393/05, Лют. 2028, Лют. 261, Лют. 1103, Лют. 22‑17, Лют. 37‑17, л 4‑10‑16, Степная 245, к бурой и стеблевой ржавчине – сорта ОмГАУ‑100, Элемент 22 и Силач. С использованием молекулярных маркеров выявлено умеренное разнообразие изученных образцов по генам устойчивости. У них выявлены гены Lr1, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8, Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, Lr37/Sr38/Yr17, встречающиеся по отдельности или в разных сочетаниях. Данный материал может быть рекомендован для использования в селекции пшеницы на устойчивость к болезням.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Leaf and stem diseases (rusts and blotches) are harmful to spring wheat in all areas of its cultivation. The use of resistant varieties is an environmentally safe way of protection. The objective of the present study was to comprehensively evaluate leaf and stem disease resistance in 44 promising cultivars of soft spring wheat, as well as to identify Lr‑ and Sr‑genes in them. The accessions were obtained from the Kazakhstan‑Siberian Spring Wheat Improvement Network (KASIB) in 2017 and 2018. Wheat resistance to leaf and stem rust, to septoriosis and to tan spot was evaluated in field conditions in Southern Kazakhstan (infection plot at the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems). Wheat seedlings resistance to septoriosis, leaf and stem rust was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The Lr and Sr genes were identified using a phytopathological test and molecular markers. Field studies resulted in selection of two lines, Lut. KS 14/09‑2 and SPCHS 69, with highly effective group resistance to rusts and blotches. By using molecular markers, the gene cluster Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, Lr1 gene, and wheat‑rye translocation 1BL.1RS carrying genes Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8 were detected in Lut. KS 14/09‑2. A translocation from wheatgrass with highly effective genes of resistance to stem (Sr24) and leaf (Lr24) rusts, as well as 1AL.1RS translocation from rye with a complex of effective genes of resistance to fungous diseases and pests were detected in the line SPCHS 69. Eight wheat lines (Lut. 393/05, Lut. 2028, Lut. 261, Lut. 1103, Lut. 22‑17, Lut. 37‑17, line 4‑10‑16, Stepnaya 245) appeared to be resistant to Stagonospora nodorum blotch and tan spot; and four varieties (OmGAU‑100, Element 22, Stolypinskaya 2, and Silach) demonstrated resistance to leaf and stem rust. The molecular marker analysis showed moderate genetic diversity of the studied collection in terms of resistance genes. The genes Lr1, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8, Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, Lr37/Sr38/Yr17, both separately and in different combinations, were detected in the tested accessions. The evaluated material may be recommended for the use in wheat breeding for disease resistance in Russia and in Kazakhstan.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Triticum aestivum</kwd><kwd>бурая и стеблевая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>пиренофороз</kwd><kwd>септориоз</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>Lr-</kwd><kwd>Sr-гены</kwd><kwd>молекулярный скрининг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Triticum aestivum</kwd><kwd>leaf and stem rust</kwd><kwd>tan spot</kwd><kwd>septoriosis</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>Lr</kwd><kwd>Sr genes</kwd><kwd>molecular screening</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства сельского хозяйства Республики Казахстан в рамках программно-целевого финансирования на 2018- 2020 гг. (ИРН BR0649329).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The present work was financially supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan within the framework of program-targeted funding for 2018-2020 (IRN BR0649329).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беспалова Л.А., Романенко А.А., Колесников Ф.А. и др. Сорта пшеницы и тритикале. Краснодар, 2017. 168 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bespalova LA, Romanenko AA, Kolesnikov FA et al. (2017) Varieties of wheat and triticale (Sorta pshenicy i triticale). Krasnodar, 2017. 168 p. 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