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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2025-1-o1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕТОДОВ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОЙ ГЕНЕТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDY OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES USING MOLECULAR GENETICS METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация видов вики рода Vicia L. по составу основных полипептидов 11S глобулина семян на примере V. narbonensis complex и V. pannonica Crantz</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of vetch species of the genus Vicia L. by the composition of the 11S globulin basic polypeptides of seeds using V. narbonensis complex and V. pannonica Crantz as an example</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9554-4855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егги</surname><given-names>Э. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eggi</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элли Эвартовна Егги, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий специалист, отдел биохимии и молекулярной биологии, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elly E. Eggi, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Specialist, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIR</p><p>42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zininaanna@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-4528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Геннадьевна Александрова, научный сотрудник, отдел генетических ресурсов зерновых бобовых культур, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana G. Aleksandrova, Researcher, Department of Leguminous Crop Genetic Resources, VIR</p><p>42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.alexandrova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-2850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конарев</surname><given-names>Ал. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konarev</surname><given-names>Al. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Васильевич Конарев, доктор биологических наук, главный специалиcт, лаборатория сельскохозяйственной энтомологии, ВИЗР; ведущий специалист, отдел биохимии и молекулярной биологии, ВИР </p><p>196608 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3; 190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Konarev, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Specialist, Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology,  VIZR; Leading Specialist, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIR </p><p>3, Podbelskogo Highway, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia; 42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alv-konarev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений; Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources; All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егги Э.Э., Александрова Т.Г., Конарев А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егги Э.Э., Александрова Т.Г., Конарев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eggi E.E., Aleksandrova T.G., Konarev A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/255">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/255</self-uri><abstract><p>Для сохранения чистоты, контроля идентичности, при репродуцировании поступающих в коллекцию семян разных таксономических групп растений требуется разработка простых и быстрых скрининговых методов, позволяющих осуществлять предварительную идентификацию и регистрацию материала. Наиболее подходящим для этих целей является метод SDS-электрофореза запасных белков семян. Однако его варианты, известные из литературы, преимущественно включают анализ полного белкового спектра, который, как правило, весьма гетерогенен, что осложняет интерпретацию результатов. Наша задача – найти в этом многокомпонентном спектре четко идентифицируемую и специфичную для конкретного вида группу полипептидов конкретного белка. Объектом исследования послужили белки семян 47 образцов пяти видов Vicia L. subgenus Vicia, которые были проанализированы методом SDS-электрофореза в 12,5% ПААГ.</p><p>Сопоставлением спектров белков суммарного экстракта семян, разделенных электрофорезом в присутствии 2-меркаптоэтанола и без него, была идентифицирована группа основных полипептидов 11S глобулина – легумина, по которой можно визуально однозначно определять видовую принадлежность семян вики, причем как у самоопыляющихся, так и у перекрестноопыляемых видов. Обнаружено, что в пределах вида образцы различались только по интенсивности отдельных компонентов, но не по компонентному составу, что указывает на видоспецифичность спектра основных полипептидов 11S глобулина. Четкие различия по составу основных полипептидов наблюдались между близкородственными и трудноразличимыми в полевых условиях видами V. narbonensis complex. Видовая специфичность спектров данной группы полипептидов коррелирует с репродуктивной изоляцией видов. В свою очередь, культурные и сорнополевые образцы вики паннонской (V. pannonica Crantz) различного географического происхождения из коллекции ВИР с вероятно преимущественно перекрестным опылением проявили сходство по спектрам основных полипептидов легумина. Спектры основных полипептидов 11S глобулина видов V. hyaeniscyamus Mout., V. narbonensis L., V. serratifolia Jacq., V. johannis Tamamschjan in Karyagin, и V. pannonica Crantz были зарегистрированы по «соевой шкале» в виде «полипептидной формулы». Таким образом, предложенный метод, включающий идентификацию основных полипептидов 11S глобулина в многокомпонентном спектре белков семян, может быть рекомендован для быстрого скрининга семенных коллекций как самоопыляющихся, так и перекрестноопыляемых видов рода Vicia. Данный простой метод также имеет перспективу использования для определения видовой принадлежности образцов других двудольных культур.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The maintenance of purity, control of identity, and reproduction of seeds of different taxonomic groups of plants entering the collection requires simple and rapid screening methods that allow preliminary identification and registration of the material. The most suitable method for these purposes is SDS-electrophoresis of seed storage proteins, but its variants known from the literature mainly include analysis of the total protein pattern, which is usually very heterogeneous and thus complicates the interpretation of the obtained results. The objective of the work was to find a clearly identifiable and species-specific group of polypeptides of a particular protein in this multicomponent pattern. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were seed proteins of 47 accessions of five species of Vicia L. subgenus Vicia, analyzed by SDS-electrophoresis in 12.5% PAAG. Results and discussion. A comparison of patterns of the total extracted seed proteins separated by electrophoresis in the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol identified a group of the 11S globulin (legumin) basic polypeptides, which allows visual unambiguous determination of a species (both self- and cross-pollinated) to which vetch seeds belong. It was found that the accessions differed only in the intensity of individual bands within the species, but not in the band composition, indicating the species-specific pattern of the 11S globulin basic polypeptides. Clear differences in the basic polypeptides composition were observed between the closely related species of the V. narbonensis complex, which are difficult to distinguish in the field. The species specificity of the patterns in this group of polypeptides correlates with the reproductive isolation of the species. In turn, cultivated and weedy accessions of Pannonian vetch, V. pannonica Crantz, of different geographical origins from the VIR collection with a likely predominance of cross-pollination showed homogeneity in the patterns of the legumin basic polypeptides. The patterns of the 11S globulin basic polypeptides of V. hyaeniscyamus Mout., V. narbonensis L., V. serratifolia Jacq., V. johannis Tamamschjan in Karyagin, and V. pannonica were recorded using the “soybean scale” in the form of a “polypeptide formula”. Conclusion. Therefore, the proposed method, including the identification of the 11S globulin basic polypeptides in the multicomponent pattern of seed proteins, can be recommended for rapid screening of seed collections of both self-pollinated and cross-pollinated species of the genus Vicia. This simple method is also promising for identifying species of other dicotyledonous crops.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вика</kwd><kwd>Vicia</kwd><kwd>полипептидные спектры</kwd><kwd>11S глобулин</kwd><kwd>легумин</kwd><kwd>основные полипептиды</kwd><kwd>видовая специфичность</kwd><kwd>идентификация видов</kwd><kwd>регистрация образцов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vetch</kwd><kwd>Vicia</kwd><kwd>polypeptide profiles</kwd><kwd>11S globulin</kwd><kwd>legumin</kwd><kwd>basic polypeptides</kwd><kwd>species specificity</kwd><kwd>species identification</kwd><kwd>registration of seed accessions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическим планам ВИР по проекту №FGEM-2022-0002 «Выявление возможностей генофонда бобовых культур для оптимизации их селекции и диверсификации использования в различных отраслях народного хозяйства». Часть работы выполнена в рамках проекта «Национальная сетевая коллекция генетических ресурсов растений для эффективного научно-технологического развития РФ в сфере генетических технологий» (Соглашение № 075-15-2021-1050 от 28.09.2021).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was financially supported within the framework of the State Assignment in accordance with the thematic plans of VIR project No. FGEM-2022-0002 “Identifying possibilities in the genetic diversity of leguminous crops to optimize their breeding and diversify uses in various sectors of the national economy”. Part of the work was carried out within the framework of the project “National network collection of plant genetic resources for effective scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation in the field of genetic technologies”, Agreement No. 075-15-2021-1050 dated September 28, 2021.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aleksandrova T. Vetches cultivated in the Russian Federation. In: International congress on oil and protein crops. Abstract book; 2018 May 20-24; Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. European Association for Research on Plant Breeding; Scientific Association of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova; 2018. p.59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksandrova T. Vetches cultivated in the Russian Federation. In: International congress on oil and protein crops. 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