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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2025-2-o4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ В СЕЛЕКЦИИ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВЕ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUES IN PLANT BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Протокол получения трансформантов вигны Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. – носителей редактирующих конструкций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Protocol for obtaining Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. transformants carrying editing constructs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4917-6862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Крылова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Krylova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.krylova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9212-2117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Ефремова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий специалист, ВИР; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт- Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; 354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Efremova, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Researcher, VIR; Sirius University </p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia; 1, Olympic avenue, Sirius urbantype settlement, Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, 354340 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efremo.olga2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вилис</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilis</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Сергеевна Вилис, лаборант-исследователь, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina S. Vilis, Laboratory Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.vilis@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8470-8254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлесткина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlestkina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Константиновна Хлесткина, доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, директор, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Khlestkina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Director, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9366-0216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ухатова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukhatova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Васильевна Ухатова, кандидат биологических наук, заместитель директора, ВИР; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт- Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; 354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Ukhatova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Deputy Director, VIR; Sirius University 1, Olympic avenue, Sirius urbantype settlement, Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, 354340 Russia</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia; 1, Olympic avenue, Sirius urbantype settlement, Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, 354340 Russia</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">y.ukhatova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources; Sirius University of Science and Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крылова Е.А., Ефремова О.С., Вилис П.С., Хлесткина Е.К., Ухатова Ю.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крылова Е.А., Ефремова О.С., Вилис П.С., Хлесткина Е.К., Ухатова Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krylova E.A., Efremova O.S., Vilis P.S., Khlestkina E.K., Ukhatova Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Для трансформации клеток высших растений чаще всего используют метод агробактериальной трансформации, при этом важное значение имеет выбор экспланта, состав питательных сред для отбора и регенерации трансформантов. Вигна Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., представитель семейства Бобовых, относится к культурам, сложно поддающимся трансформации в связи с низким регенерационным потенциалом после инокуляции агробактерией. Поиск генотипов, отличающихся высокой степенью регенерации, а также составление эффективного протокола агробактериальной трансформации являются актуальной задачей для доставки компонентов системы редактирования. Цель настоящего исследования – разработать эффективный протокол получения трансформантов вигны – носителей редактирующих конструкций. Материалы и методы. Разработку эффективного протокола получения трансформантов вигны для доставки компонентов системы редактирования осуществляли при использовании образцов коллекции ВИР. В качестве эксплантов использовали части семядольного узла. Для увеличения площади раневой поверхности эксплант формировали путем продольного разреза семядольного узла. Агробактериальную трансформацию проводили при использовании генетической конструкции, созданной на основе вектора pKSE401 с компонентами системы редактирования CRISPR/Cas9. Индукцию органогенеза осуществляли на питательной среде Мурасиге-Скуга с добавлением 6-бензиламинопурина. В статье описан пошаговый протокол для эффективного получения фертильных трансформантов вигны. Результаты и обсуждение. Мы экспериментально подтвердили способность части семядольного узла вигны к органогенезу побегов в культуре in vitro, а также возможность использования их в качестве эксплантов для агробактериальной трансформации с достижением частоты фертильных трансформантов на уровне 6,2% для генотипа к-642. Сравнение эффективности трансформации с данными предшествующих работ по агробактериальной трансформации вигны указывает на лучший выход трансформантов на основе предложенного нами протокола. Поскольку протокол валидирован в эксперименте с вектором, несущим компоненты системы редактирования CRISPR/Cas9, его можно рекомендовать для использования в работах по получению редактированных растений вигны. Заключение. Полученные результаты агробактериальной трансформации модифицированного типа эксплантов вигны свидетельствуют о возможности успешного использования представленного протокола для генетической трансформации данной культуры. Генотип к-642, показавший эффективность не только на этапах регенерации и трансформации, но также на стадиях укоренения и последующей адаптации растений к нестерильным условиям, может быть рекомендован для дальнейших фундаментальных исследований вигны при помощи методов обратной генетики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The method of agrobacterium mediated transformation is most often used for the transformation of higher plant cells. The choice of explant type, the composition of nutrient media for the selection and regeneration of transformants are important. Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is a legume crop. It is recalcitrant for transformation due to its low regeneration after agrobacterial inoculation. The search for genotypes with a high regeneration ability, as well as the creation of an effective protocol for optimal Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transfection protocol are urgent tasks for the delivery of editing system components. The aim of this study is to develop an effective protocol for obtaining cowpea transformants carrying editing constructs. Material and methods. The development of the efficient protocol for obtaining cowpea transformants for the delivery of editing system components was carried out using accessions from the VIR collection. Cotyledonary node parts were used as explants formed by longitudinal incision of the cotyledon node in order to increase the wound surface area. The agrobacterium mediated transformation was performed using a vector on the base of pKSE401 with components of the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system. Organogenesis was induced on MS nutrient medium with phytohormones. The article describes a step-by-step protocol for the efficient production of fertile cowpea transformants. Results and discussion. We experimentally confirmed the organogenetic capacity of the cowpea cotyledonary node to produce shoots in vitro, as well as the possibility of using them as explants for agrobacterium mediated transformation. The frequency of fertile transformants was 6.2% for k-642 genotype. A comparison of the transformation efficiency with the data from previous studies on the cowpea agrobacterium mediated transformation indicates a better yield of transformants based on our proposed protocol. Since the protocol has been validated in the experiment with a vector carrying components of the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system, it can be recommended for use in studies on the production of edited cowpea plants. Conclusion. The obtained results of the agrobacterium mediated transformation of cowpea modified type explants indicate the possibility of successful use of the presented protocol for the genetic transformation of this crop. The k-642 genotype was efficient not only at the stages of regeneration and transformation, but also at the stages of rooting and subsequent plant adaptation to non-sterile conditions. This genotype can be recommended for further fundamental cowpea studies using reverse genetics methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вигна</kwd><kwd>агробактериальная трансформация</kwd><kwd>регенерация in vitro</kwd><kwd>регенеранты</kwd><kwd>редактирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cowpea</kwd><kwd>agrobacterium mediated transformation</kwd><kwd>in vitro regeneration</kwd><kwd>regenerants</kwd><kwd>editing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда – проект №21-66-00012.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Project No. 21-66-00012.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Behura R., Kumar S., Saha B., Panda M.K., Dey M., Sadhukhan A., Mishra S., Alam S., Sahoo D.P., Sugla T., Sahoo L. 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