bioselБиотехнология и селекция растенийPlant Biotechnology and Breeding2658-62662658-6258VIR10.30901/2658-6266-2026-1-o2biosel-289Research ArticleСОХРАНЕНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОДХОДОВCONSERVATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES USING BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHESКриоконсервация российских сортов малины и их долгосрочное хранение в криобанке ВИРCryopreservation of Russian raspberry cultivars and their long-term storage in the VIR cryobankhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7002-8066ДунаеваС. Е.DunaevaS. E.

Светлана Ефимовна Дунаева, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Svetlana E. Dunaeva, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Biotechnology Department, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia

dunaevase@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-1336МалышевЛ. Л.MalyshevL. L.

Леонид Леонидович Малышев, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел генетических ресурсов овса, ржи, ячменя, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Leonid L. Malyshev, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Department of Oat, Rye, Barley Genetic Resources, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia

l.malyshev@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-3465ЛисицынаО. В.LisitsynaO. V.

Ольга Владимировна Лисицына, ведущий специалист, отдел биотехнологии, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Olga V. Lisitsyna, Leading Specialist, Biotechnology Department, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia

olgalis86@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-6569ГавриленкоТ. А.GavrilenkoT. A.

Татьяна Андреевна Гавриленко, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44

Tatjana A. Gavrilenko, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher,  Biotechnology Department, VIR

42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia

tatjana9972@yandex.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources202610062026913848Copyright © Дунаева С.Е., Малышев Л.Л., Лисицына О.В., Гавриленко Т.А., 20262026Дунаева С.Е., Малышев Л.Л., Лисицына О.В., Гавриленко Т.А.Dunaeva S.E., Malyshev L.L., Lisitsyna O.V., Gavrilenko T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/289

Актуальность. Криоконсервация является эффективным методом долгосрочного сохранения образцов растений. Криоколлекции образцов рода Rubus представлены в единичных зарубежных генбанках, в которых сортов малины российской селекции практически нет. Подавляющее число работ по криоконсервации образцов рода Rubus основано на использовании в качестве эксплантов апексов in vitro растений. Коллекция in vitro образцов рода Rubus в Федеральном исследовательском центре Всероссийском институте генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР) включает 160 образцов, в их числе 79 отечественных селекционных сортов малины. Образцы малины из in vitro коллекции закладываются на долгосрочное хранение в криобанк ВИР с 2017 года. Задача данной работы заключалась в криоконсервации и закладке на длительное хранение 11 российских сортов из in vitro коллекции ВИР и обобщении данных обо всей криоколлекции сортов малины Rubus idaeus L., включающей в настоящее время 27 образцов, хранящихся в криобанке ВИР. Материалы и методы. Образцы современных сортов малины, полученные из пяти российских селекцентров, были введены в коллекцию in vitro ВИР. Криоконсервацию апексов микрорастений проводили модифицированным в ВИР методом дроплет-витрификации. Для статистической обработки данных использовали дисперсионный анализ и анализ главных компонент. Результаты и обсуждение. В культуру in vitro были введены 11 сортов малины российской селекции для которых была проведена криоконсервация. Показатели посткриогенной регенерации у этих  сортов варьировали от 27 до 65%. В настоящее время вся криоколлекция сортов малины, сохраняемая в криобанке ВИР, насчитывает 27 сортов с показателями посткриогенной регенерации, варьирующими от 24 до 89%. С помощью анализа главных компонент криоколлекция была разделена на группы сортов по их реакции на погружение в жидкий азот в контрольных экспериментах. Заключение. Криоколлекция образцов малины, хранящаяся в криобанке ВИР, была пополнена 11 сортами. В настоящее время состав криоколлекции включает 23 селекционных сорта и четыре сорта народной селекции. Все 27 сортов были заложены на долгосрочное хранение в криобанк ВИР из расчета как минимум 90 эксплантов на образец.

Background. Cryopreservation is an effective method for long-term preservation of plant specimens. Cryogenic collections of accessions of the genus Rubus exist in few foreign genebanks, which contain virtually no national raspberry cultivars. The overwhelming majority of studies on the cryopreservation of Rubus specimens are based on the use of in vitro plant apices as explants. The in vitro collection of Rubus accessions at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) comprises 160 accessions, including 79 home-bred raspberry cultivars. Long-term storage of raspberry accessions from the VIR in vitro collection in the VIR cryobank was initiated in 2017. The objective of this study was to arrange cryopreservation and long-term storage of 11 Russian raspberry cultivars from the VIR in vitro collection. This study also summarized data on the entire VIR cryo collection of raspberry, which currently includes 27 Rubus idaeus L. cultivars. Materials and Methods. Accessions of modern raspberry cultivars obtained from five Russian breeding centers were added to the VIR in vitro collection. Cryopreservation of microplant apices was performed using the droplet vitrification method modified at VIR. Statistical analysis of variance and principal component analysis were used for data processing. Results and Discussion. Eleven Russian-bred raspberry cultivars were introduced into in vitro culture and cryopreserved. Post-cryogenic regeneration rate for these specimens ranged from 27 to 65%. Currently, the entire cryogenic collection of raspberry cultivars preserved in the VIR cryobank comprises 27 cultivars with post-cryogenic regeneration rates ranging from 24 to 89%. Using the principal component analysis, the cultivar accessions were grouped on the basis of their response to immersion in liquid nitrogen in control experiments. Conclusions. The cryogenic collection of raspberry accessions in the VIR cryobank has been expanded with 11 cultivars. Currently, the cryogenic collection includes 23 released cultivars and four landraces. All 27 cultivars were placed in long-term storage in the VIR cryobank at a rate of at least 90 explants per accession.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.