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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2025-4-o12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-331</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ В СЕМЕНОВОДСТВЕ И СЕЛЕКЦИИ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUES IN SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм линий удвоенных гаплоидов репы листовой Brassica rapa L., полученных в культуре изолированных микроспор in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of leaf turnip Brassica rapa L. doubled haploid lines produced in isolated microspore in vitro culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3197-4751</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курина</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurina</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Борисовна Курина, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, и.о. заведующего, лаборатория селекции и клеточных технологий, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia B. Kurina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Acting Head, Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies, VIR</p><p>42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya_n11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3429-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Андреевна Асланова, младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория селекции и клеточных технологий, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya A. Aslanova, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies, VIR</p><p>42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.aslanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-5341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козарь</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozar</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Козарь, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория репродуктивной биотехнологии в селекции сельскохозяйственных растений, ФНЦО</p><p>143072 Россия, Московская область, Одинцовский район, ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kozar, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Researcher, Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology in Crop Breeding, FSVC</p><p>14, Selektsionnaya Street, VNIISSOK, Odintsovo District, Moscow Region, 143072 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koz.leno4ek@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-190X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домблидес</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domblides</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Алексеевна Домблидес, кандидат с.-х. наук, зав. лабораторией, лаборатория репродуктивной биотехнологии в селекции сельскохозяйственных растений, ФНЦО</p><p>143072, Россия, Московская область, Одинцовский район, ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Domblides, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Head, Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology in Crop Breeding, FSVC</p><p>14, Selektsionnaya Street, VNIISSOK, Odintsovo District, Moscow Region, 143072 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edomblides@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Vegetable Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курина А.Б., Асланова А.А., Козарь Е.В., Домблидес Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курина А.Б., Асланова А.А., Козарь Е.В., Домблидес Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurina A.B., Aslanova A.A., Kozar E.V., Domblides E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/331">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/331</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Создание высокопродуктивных и питательных сортов листовой репы Brassica rapa L. традиционными методами селекции является длительным процессом. Применение биотехнологических методов, в частности получение удвоенных гаплоидных (DH) линий in vitro, позволяет значительно ускорить создание гомозиготных форм и раскрыть генетический потенциал гибридов. Целью исследования была оценка DH-линий листовой репы, полученных из гибрида F1 Torazirok, по комплексу хозяйственно ценных морфологических и биохимических признаков. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования послужили гибрид листовой репы F1 Torazirok (к-330, Япония) и полученные из него в культуре изолированных микроспор in vitro 15 DH-линий. Растения выращивали в контролируемых условиях климатической камеры. Проведено морфологическое описание растений и биохимический анализ содержания фотосинтетических пигментов: хлорофиллов a, b, каротиноидов, β-каротина спектрофотометрическим методом. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлен значительный полиморфизм в пределах DH-линий и гибрида F1. Продолжительность вегетационного периода варьировала от 41 до 52 дней. Диаметр розетки был в пределах 20,5 и 40,3 см, масса надземной части растения – 0,15 и 0,33 кг. Содержание β-каротина колебалось от 2,6 до 6,3 мг/100 г сырого вещества. Выделены линии, достоверно превосходящие исходный гибрид по ключевым признакам: DH 8 – по продуктивности (масса 0,33 кг) и содержанию β-каротина (6,3 мг/100 г); DH 4 – по диаметру розетки (40,3 см) и массе (0,31 кг); DH 2 и DH 5 – по содержанию β-каротина (5,6 и 5,2 мг/100 г соответственно). Линия DH 2 сочетает скороспелость (41 день), высокую продуктивность и максимальное содержание каротиноидов. Заключение. Метод культуры изолированных микроспор эффективен для быстрого создания генетически разнообразного и гомозиготного селекционного материала листовой репы. Полученный спектр DH-линий является ценным источником для селекции. Выделены перспективные линии-доноры: DH 2 и DH 8 – для скороспелости и повышенного содержания β-каротина; DH 4 и DH 8 – для высокой продуктивности. Наши результаты являются подтверждением того, что применение гаплоидных технологий позволяет не только фиксировать хозяйственно ценные признаки, но и усиливать их, предоставляя готовый материал для генетических исследований и создания новых сортов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The development of high-yielding and nutritious cultivars of leaf turnip Brassica rapa L. using traditional breeding methods is a lengthy process. The application of biotechnological methods, particularly the production of doubled haploid (DH) lines in vitro, significantly accelerates the creation of homozygous forms and unlocks the genetic potential of hybrids. The aim of the research was to evaluate DH-lines of leaf turnip, produced from the F1 Torazirok hybrid, for a set of economically important morphological and biochemical traits. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the leaf turnip F1 Torazirok hybrid (k-330, Japan) and 15 DH lines derived from it through in vitro isolated microspore culture. Plants were grown under controlled conditions in a climate chamber. The plants were described morphologically, and biochemical analysis of the content of photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a, b, carotenoids, and β-carotene was performed by spectrophotometry. Results and discussion. Significant polymorphism has been revealed between the DH lines and the F1 hybrid. The duration of the vegetative period varied from 41 to 52 days. Rosette diameter ranged from 20.5 to 40.3 cm, and the above-ground plant mass from 0.15 to 0.33 kg. β-carotene content fluctuated from 2.6 to 6.3 mg/100 g of fresh weight. The lines that were found to significantly surpass the original hybrid in key traits were DH 8 – in productivity with the mass of 0.33 kg and β-carotene content (6.3 mg/100 g); DH 4 – in rosette diameter (40.3 cm) and the mass of 0.31 kg; DH 2 and DH 5 – in β-carotene content (5.6 and 5.2 mg/100 g, respectively). The DH 2 line combines early maturity (41 days), high productivity, and maximum carotenoid content. Conclusions. The isolated microspore culture method is effective for the rapid creation of genetically diverse and homozygous leaf turnip breeding material. The obtained range of DH-lines is a valuable source for breeding. Promising donor lines have been identified: DH 2 and DH 8 – for early maturity and increased β-carotene content; DH 4 and DH 8 – for high productivity. The results confirm that the haploid technology allows not only for the fixation but also for the enhancement of economically important traits, providing ready-made material for genetic research and the creation of new cultivars.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гаплоидные технологии</kwd><kwd>репа листовая</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>пигментный состав</kwd><kwd>морфологические признаки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>haploid technologies</kwd><kwd>leaf turnip</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>pigment composition</kwd><kwd>morphological traits</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2025-0007 «Клеточные технологии для расширения селекционного потенциала культур овощного направления использования».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the State Assignment according to the Theme Plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2025-0007 “Cell technologies for expanding the breeding potential of vegetable crops”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова А.А., Монахос С.Г. 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