bioselБиотехнология и селекция растенийPlant Biotechnology and Breeding2658-62662658-6258VIR10.30901/2658-6266-2019-3-o2biosel-43Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL ARTICLEРазнообразие хромосомного состава образцов лука многоярусного Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd. из коллекции in vitro ВИРDiversity of chromosomal composition in top onion (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd.) accessions from the VIR in vitro collectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7074ПендиненГ. И.PendinenG. I.pendinen@mail.ruЧерновВ. Е.ChernovV. E.Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. ВавиловаN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesВоенно-медицинская академия имени С. М. КироваS.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy20191703202023614Copyright © Пендинен Г.И., Чернов В.Е., 20202020Пендинен Г.И., Чернов В.Е.Pendinen G.I., Chernov V.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/43Актуальность

Актуальность. Лук многоярусный Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd., 1809 (2n=2x=16) – вид, для которого характерно только вегетативное размножение: воздушными или подземными луковицами. Показано, что образцы этого вида являются гибридами Allium cepa и Allium fistulosum (Fiskesjo, 1975; Vosa, 1976; Schubert et al., 1983; Puizina, Papes, 1999). В коллекции in vitro ВИР сохраняются образцы A. × proliferum, которые были получены из разных источников, однако, их родословная нам неизвестна. Поэтому существует необходимость определения уровня плоидности и геномного состава образцов, поддерживаемых в коллекции.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. В исследовании использовали 13 образцов A. × proliferum, сохраняемых в коллекции in vitro ВИР. Для характеристики уровня плоидности и геномного состава образцов использовали методы молекулярной цитогенетики: FISH c хромосомоспецифичными маркерами: 5S и 18S/25S рДНК и GISH с дифференциально мечеными ДНК предполагаемых родительских видов: A. cepa и A. fistulosum.

Результаты

Результаты. GISH анализ показал, что все изученные образцы представляют собой гибриды A. cepa c A. fistulosum. Большая часть (10 из 13 изученных) образцов были определены как диплоидные гибриды, кариотип которых включает восемь хромосом A. cepa и восемь хромосом A. fistulosum. Образец К 3206 также представляет собой диплоидный 16-ти хромосомный гибрид с восемью хромосомами A. cepa, семью – A. fistulosum и одной перестроенной хромосомой. Образцы К 3205 и К 3202 представляют собой полиплоидные формы. У A. × proliferum К 3202 выявлено семь хромосом, A. cepa и 16 хромосом A. fistulosum, одна из которых имеет локализованную терминально интрогресию генетического материала A. cepa. Для образца К 3205 характерно наличие 16-ти хромосом, A. cepa и 13 хромосом A. fistulosum. У этого образца выявлена только одна хромосома Allium fistulosum c локусом 5S рДНК.

Выводы

Выводы. Таким образом, в коллекции представлены образцы лука многоярусного, имеющие кариотипические различия. 

Background

Background. Top onion, Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd., 1809 (2n=2x=16), is a species that is characterized by vegetative propagation by air or underground bulbs only. Accessions of this species have been shown to be hybrids of Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum (Fiskesjo, 1975; Vosa, 1976; Schubert et al., 1983; Puizina and Papes, 1999). Accessions of Allium × proliferum were obtained from various sources and conserved in the in vitro collection of VIR. However, their pedigree was unknown, therefore there was a need to determine the ploidy level and genomic composition of these accessions.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. Thirteen Allium × proliferum accessions from the VIR in vitro collection were studied. To characterize the ploidy level and genomic composition of the accessions, the research employed FISH with chromosome-specific markers (5S and 18S/25S rDNA) and GISH with differentially labeled DNA of the putative parent species, i.e., A. cepa and A. fistulosum.

Results

Results. According to GISH, all the studied accessions were hybrids of A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Most (10 out of 13) accessions were determined as diploid hybrids with eight A. cepa and eight A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3206 turned out to be a diploid 16-chromosome hybrid with eight A. cepa, seven A. fistulosum chromosomes and one rearranged chromosome. Accessions К 3205 and К 3202 were found to be polyploids. The A. × proliferum accession К 3202 contained seven A. cepa and 16 A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3205 is characterized by the presence of 16 chromosomes hybridizing with A. cepa DNA and 13 chromosomes hybridizing with A. fistulosum DNA. Only one chromosome of A. fistulosum in this accession was revealed to have a 5s rDNA locus.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The above shows that the collection contains top onion accessions with karyotypic differences. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.