bioselБиотехнология и селекция растенийPlant Biotechnology and Breeding2658-62662658-6258VIR10.30901/2658-6266-2019-4-o1biosel-56Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL ARTICLEМаркер-опосредованный отбор селекционных линий картофеля с комбинацией генов устойчивости к PVY от разных диких видовMarker assisted selection of potato breeding lines with combination of PVY resistance genes from different wild specieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9747-8622ВоронковаЕ. В.VoronkovaE. V.

220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

27 Akademicheskaya Street, Minsk 220072

E.Voronkova@igc.byРусецкийН. В.RusetskiyN. V.

223013  Минская обл.,ул. Ковалева, 2а, п. Самохваловичи

2a Kovalev Street, Samokhvalovichy, 223013 Minsk region

ЛукшаВ. И.LukshaV. I.

220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

27 Akademicheskaya Street, Minsk 220072

ГукасянО. Н.GukasianO. B.

220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

27 Akademicheskaya Street, Minsk 220072

ЖаричВ. М.ZharichV. M.

220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

27 Akademicheskaya Street, Minsk 220072

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3106-4926ЕрмишинА. П.YermishinA. P.

220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

27 Akademicheskaya Street, Minsk 220072

Институт генетики и цитологии Национальной Академии наук БеларусиБеларусьInstitute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusРеспубликанское унитарное предприятие «Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по картофелеводству и плодоовощеводству»БеларусьScientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Potato, Fruit and Vegetable GrowingBelarus20190604202024614Copyright © Воронкова Е.В., Русецкий Н.В., Лукша В.И., Гукасян О.Н., Жарич В.М., Ермишин А.П., 20192019Воронкова Е.В., Русецкий Н.В., Лукша В.И., Гукасян О.Н., Жарич В.М., Ермишин А.П.Voronkova E.V., Rusetskiy N.V., Luksha V.I., Gukasian O.B., Zharich V.M., Yermishin A.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/56

Y-вирус картофеля (PVY) относят к группе наиболее опасных вирусных инфекций этой культуры. Актуальным является выведение сортов картофеля, устойчивых к широкому набору штаммов PVY, создание исходного материала для такой селекции с комбинацией генов устойчивости из разных источников. Цель работы – (1) с помощью ДНК-маркеров генов устойчивости к PVY провести генотипирование коллекции, включающей 376 селекционных линий (СЛ) на основе сложных межвидовых гибридов, (2) выявить образцы с маркерами генов устойчивости от разных видов для последующего использования в маркер-опосредованной селекции (МОС или MAS), (3) оценить эффективность ДНК-маркеров генов устойчивости к PVY применительно к материалу, полученному с помощью межвидовой гибридизации. Установлено, что наиболее широко в коллекции представлены СЛ с маркерами RYSC3 гена Ryadg (49,7%), Ry364 и RAPD38-530 гена Rychc (соответственно, 50,5% и 45,2%), Yes3-3A гена Rysto (29,8%). Маркеры Ry186 гена Rychc  и GP122/EcoRV780 гена Ryf-sto выявлены лишь у единичных образцов. Частоты СЛ, имеющих маркеры генов устойчивости к PVY от двух разных видов картофеля, колебались от 2,7% (маркер Yes3-3a гена Rysto + оба маркера гена Rychc) до 8,5- 9,0% (маркер RYSC3 гена Ryadg + оба маркера гена Rychc или только маркер Ry364 этого гена, соответственно). Всего в коллекции выявлено 134 СЛ (47,6%), имеющих маркеры генов устойчивости к PVY от двух разных видов. Сочетание четырех маркеров к трем генам различного происхождения (Ryadg, Rysto и Rychc) было обнаружено у 27 образцов (7,2%). Крайняя или, иначе, экстремальная (от англ. ER-extremely resistant) устойчивость к PVY большинства изученных СЛ (302 из 357) очевидно обусловлена наличием у них известных генов устойчивости к этому патогену, которые  выявляются с помощью использованных в работе ДНК-маркеров. Тем не менее, в коллекции была значительная доля образцов, которые не имели используемых маркеров генов устойчивости к PVY, но оказались устойчивы к вирусу (55 из 61). Также выявлено 13 (3,5%) образцов с ДНК маркерами генов устойчивости к PVY, которые были неустойчивы к патогену, что является приемлемым уровнем для первичного маркер-опосредованного отбора исходного селекционного материала. Полученные данные о наличии маркеров генов устойчивости к PVY и комбинации генов устойчивости разного происхождения у СЛ призваны обеспечить более эффективное их использование в селекции по сравнению с устойчивыми к вирусу линиями, не имеющими соответствующих маркеров.

Potato virus Y (PVY) is considered as one of the most harmful virus infections of this crop. Thus, it is a topical problem to breed potato varieties resistant against a wide range of PVY strains and to create initial breeding material that will have a combination of resistance genes from different species. The aim of the study was: (1) to genotype a collection of 376 breeding lines (BL), developed from complex interspecific hybrids, using DNA markers of PVY resistance genes, (2) to identify accessions with markers of resistance genes from different species for subsequent use in marker assisted selection (MAS), (3) to evaluate the suitability of DNA markers of PVY resistance genes for genotyping BL developed through interspecific hybridization. It was ascertained that the markers most widely represented in the collection were RYSC3 of the Ryadg gene (49.7%), Ry364 and RAPD38-530 of the Rychc gene (50.5% and 45.2%, respectively), and Yes3-3A of the Rysto gene (29.8%). The markers Ry186 of Rychc and GP122/EcoRV780 of  Ryf-sto  were found only in some accessions. The frequency of occurrence of BL that had markers of PVY resistance genes from two different species varied between 2.7% (Yes3-3a marker of Rysto and both two markers of Rychc) and 8.5-9.0% (RYSC3 marker of Ryadg and both two markers of Rychc, or only Ry364 marker of this gene). In total, the collection was found to contain 134 BL (47.6%) with markers of resistance genes from two different species. A combination of four markers for three genes of different origin (Ryadg, Rysto and Rychc) was found in 27 BL (7.2%). Extreme resistance to PVY of most BL (302 out of 357) was obviously determined by the presence in them of the currently used resistance genes detected by DNA markers applied in the study. Nevertheless, a significant part of accessions (55 of 61) that did not have any markers was resistant to PVY. At the same time, 13 BL (3.5%) with the markers were susceptible to the virus. Such a level of discrepancies is considered as acceptable for the initial MAS of breeding material. The obtained data on the presence of the markers of PVY resistance genes of different origin and their combination in BL ensures a more effective use of such BL in breeding in comparison with the BL resistant to the virus, though lacking corresponding markers. 

картофельмежвидовые гибридымаркер-опосредованный отборустойчивость к PVYR гены экстремальной (крайней) устойчивости (ER)potatointerspecific hybridsmarker-assisted selection (MAS)PVY resistanceR-genes of extreme resistance (ER)ReferencesБирюкова В.А., Шмыгля И.В., Абросимова С.Б., Запекина Т.И., Мелешин А.А., Митюшкин А.В., Манаков В.В. Поиск источников устойчивости к патогенам среди образцов селекционно-генетических коллекций ВНИИКХ с использованием молекулярных маркеров. Защита картофеля. 2015;(1):3-7.Biryukova V.A., Smyglya I.V., Abrosimova S.B., Zapekina T.I., Meleshin A.A., Mityushkin A.V., Manakov V.V. Search for sources of resistance to pathogens among the accessions of Lorch Potato Research Institute genetic and breeding collections by means of molecular markers. Zaschita Cartofelia = Potato Protection. 2015;(1):3-7 [in Russian]Блоцкая Ж.В. Штаммоспецифические особенности Y-вируса картофеля (PVY). Земледелие и защита растений. 2014;(4):49-50.Blotskaya Zh.V. Strain-specificity of potato virus Y (PVY) (Shtammospetsificheskiye osobennosti Y-virusa kartofelya (PVY)). Zemledelie I Zaschita Rasteniy = Crop Farming and Plant Protection. 2014;(4):49-50 [in Russian]Brown C.R., Kim T.S., Ganga Z., Haynes K., De Jong D., Jahn M., Paran I., De Jong W. Segregation of total carotenoid in high level potato germplasm and its relationship to beta-carotene hydroxylase polymorphism. American Journal of Potato Research. 2006;83(5):365-372. DOI: 10.1007/BF02872013Brown C.R., Kim T.S., Ganga Z., Haynes K., De Jong D., Jahn M., Paran I., De Jong W. Segregation of total carotenoid in high level potato germplasm and its relationship to beta-carotene hydroxylase polymorphism. American Journal of Potato Research. 2006;83(5):365-372. DOI: 10.1007/BF02872013Cockerham G. Genetical studies on resistance to potato viruses X and Y. Heredity. 1970;25(3):309-348. DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1970.35Cockerham G. Genetical studies on resistance to potato viruses X and Y. Heredity. 1970;25(3):309-348. DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1970.35De Ronde D., Butterbach P., Kormelink R. Dominant resistance against plant viruses. Frontier of Plant Science. 2014;5:307.DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00307De Ronde D., Butterbach P., Kormelink R. Dominant resistance against plant viruses. Frontier of Plant Science. 2014;5:307.DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00307Фадина О.А., Бекетова М.П., Соколова Е.А., Кузнецова М.А., Сметанина Т.И., Рогозина Е.В., Хавкин Э.Е. Упреждающая селекция: использование молекулярных маркеров при создании доноров устойчивости картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.) к фитофторозу на основе сложных межвидовых гибридов. Сельскохозяйственная биология. 2017;52(1):84-94. DOI: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.1.84rusFadina O.A., Beketova M.P. Sokolova M.A., Smetanina T.I., Rogozina E.V., Khavkin E.E. Anticipatory breeding: molecular markers as a tool in developing donors of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) late blight resistance from complex interspecific hybrids. Agricultural Biology. 2017;52(1):84-94 [in Russian] DOI: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.1.84rusFlis B., Hennig J., Strzelczyk-Żyta D., Gebhardt C., Marczewski W. The Ry-fsto gene from Solanum stoloniferum for extreme resistant to Potato virus Y maps to potato chromosome XII and is diagnosed by PCR marker GP122718 in PVY resistant potato cultivars. Molecular Breeding. 2005;15(1):95-101. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-004-2736-3Flis B., Hennig J., Strzelczyk-Żyta D., Gebhardt C., Marczewski W. The Ry-fsto gene from Solanum stoloniferum for extreme resistant to Potato virus Y maps to potato chromosome XII and is diagnosed by PCR marker GP122718 in PVY resistant potato cultivars. Molecular Breeding. 2005;15(1):95-101. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-004-2736-3Fulladolsa A.C., Navarro F.M., Kota R., Severson K., Palta J.P., Charkowski A.O. Application of marker assisted selection for Potato virus Y resistance in the University of Wisconsin Potato Breeding Program. American Journal of Potato Research. 2015;92(3):444-450. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-015-9431-2Fulladolsa A.C., Navarro F.M., Kota R., Severson K., Palta J.P., Charkowski A.O. Application of marker assisted selection for Potato virus Y resistance in the University of Wisconsin Potato Breeding Program. American Journal of Potato Research. 2015;92(3):444-450. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-015-9431-2Fulladolsa A.C., Charkowski A., Cai X., Whitworth J., Gray S., Jansky S. Germplasm with resistance to potato virus Y derived from Solanum chacoense: clones M19 (39–7) and M20 (XD3). American Journal of Potato Research. 2019;96(4):390-395. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-019-09719-6Fulladolsa A.C., Charkowski A., Cai X., Whitworth J., Gray S., Jansky S. Germplasm with resistance to potato virus Y derived from Solanum chacoense: clones M19 (39–7) and M20 (XD3). American Journal of Potato Research. 2019;96(4):390-395. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-019-09719-6Haverkort A.J., Boonekamp P.M., Hutten R., Jakobsen E., Lotz L.A.P., Kessel G.J.T., Vossen J.H., Visser R.G.F. Durable late blight resistance in potato through dynamic varieties obtained by cisgenesis: scientific and societal advances in the DuRPh Project. Potato Research. 2016;59(1):35-66. DOI: 10.1007/s11540-015-9312-6Haverkort A.J., Boonekamp P.M., Hutten R., Jakobsen E., Lotz L.A.P., Kessel G.J.T., Vossen J.H., Visser R.G.F. Durable late blight resistance in potato through dynamic varieties obtained by cisgenesis: scientific and societal advances in the DuRPh Project. Potato Research. 2016;59(1):35-66. DOI: 10.1007/s11540-015-9312-6Hosaka K., Hosaka Y., Mori M., Maida T., Matsunaga H. Detection of simplex RAPD marker linked to resistance to potato virus Y in tetraploid potato. American Journal of Potato Research. 2001;78(3):191-196. DOI: 10.1007/BF02883544Hosaka K., Hosaka Y., Mori M., Maida T., Matsunaga H. Detection of simplex RAPD marker linked to resistance to potato virus Y in tetraploid potato. American Journal of Potato Research. 2001;78(3):191-196. DOI: 10.1007/BF02883544Иванюк В.Г., Банадысев С.А., Журомский Г.К. Защита картофеля от болезней, вредителей и сорняков. Минск: Белпринт; 2005. C.420-466.Ivanyuk V.G., Banadysev S.A., Zhuromsky G.K. Protecting potatoes from diseases, pests and weeds (Zaschita kartofelya ot bolezney, vrediteley i sornyakov). Minsk: Belprint; 2005. p.420-466 [in Russian]Kasai K., Morikawa Y., Sorri V.A., Valkonen J.P.T., Gebhardt C., Watanabe K.N. Development of SCAR markers to the PVY resistance gene Ryadg based on a common feature of plant disease resistance genes. Genome. 2000;43(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1139/g99-092Kasai K., Morikawa Y., Sorri V.A., Valkonen J.P.T., Gebhardt C., Watanabe K.N. Development of SCAR markers to the PVY resistance gene Ryadg based on a common feature of plant disease resistance genes. Genome. 2000;43(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1139/g99-092Лакин Г.Ф. Биометрия. Москва: Высшая школа; 1980. C.176-177.Lakin G.F. Biometrics (Biometriya). Moscow: Vysshaya shkola; 1980. p.176-177 [in Russian] (Лакин Г.Ф. Биометрия. Москва: Высшая школа; 1980. C.176-177).Mori K., Sakamoto Yu., Mukojima N., Tamiya S. Development of a multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of diagnostic DNA markers of five disease and pest resistance genes in potato. Euphytica. 2011;180(3):347-355. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-011-0381-6.Mori K., Sakamoto Yu., Mukojima N., Tamiya S. Development of a multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of diagnostic DNA markers of five disease and pest resistance genes in potato. Euphytica. 2011;180(3):347-355. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-011-0381-6.Mori K., Mukojima N., Nakao T., Tamiya S., Sakamoto Y., Sohbaru N., Hayashi K., Watanuki H., Nara K., Yamazaki K., Ishii T., Hosaka K. Germplasm release: Saikai35, a male and female fertile breeding line carrying Solanum Phureja-derived cytoplasm and potato cyst nematode resistance (H1) and potato virus Y resistance (Rychc) genes. American Journal of Potato Research. 2012;89(1):63-72. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-011-9221-4Mori K., Mukojima N., Nakao T., Tamiya S., Sakamoto Y., Sohbaru N., Hayashi K., Watanuki H., Nara K., Yamazaki K., Ishii T., Hosaka K. Germplasm release: Saikai35, a male and female fertile breeding line carrying Solanum Phureja-derived cytoplasm and potato cyst nematode resistance (H1) and potato virus Y resistance (Rychc) genes. American Journal of Potato Research. 2012;89(1):63-72. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-011-9221-4Nie X., Sutherland D., Dickison V., Singh M., Murphy A.M., De Koeyer D. Development and validation of high-resolution melting markers derived from Rysto STS markers for highthroughput marker-assisted selection of potato carrying Rysto. Phytopathology. 2016;106(11):1366-1375. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO05-16-0204-RNie X., Sutherland D., Dickison V., Singh M., Murphy A.M., De Koeyer D. Development and validation of high-resolution melting markers derived from Rysto STS markers for highthroughput marker-assisted selection of potato carrying Rysto. Phytopathology. 2016;106(11):1366-1375. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO05-16-0204-ROttoman R.J., Hane D.C., Brown C.R., Yilma S., Mosley A.R., Vales M. Validation and implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for PVY resistance (Ryadg gene) in tetraploid potato breeding. American Journal of Potato Research. 2009;86(4):304-314. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-009-9084-0Ottoman R.J., Hane D.C., Brown C.R., Yilma S., Mosley A.R., Vales M. Validation and implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for PVY resistance (Ryadg gene) in tetraploid potato breeding. American Journal of Potato Research. 2009;86(4):304-314. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-009-9084-0Pогозина Е.В., Терентьева Е.В., Потокина Е.В., Юркина Е.Н., Никулин А.В., Алексеев Я.И. Идентификация родительских форм для селекции картофеля, устойчивого к болезням и вредителям, методом мультиплексного ПЦР-анализа Сельскохозяйственная биология. 2019;54(1):19-30. DOI: 10.15389/agrobiology.2019.1.19rusRogozina E.V., Terentjeva E.V., Potokina E.K., Yurkina E.N., Nikulin A.V., Alekseev Ya.I. Multiplex PCR-based identification of potato genotypes as donors in breeding for resistance to diseases and pests. Agricultural Biology. 2019;54(1):19-30 [in Russian] DOI: 10.15389/agrobiology.2019.1.19rusRoss H. Potato breeding – problems and perspectives. Berlin, Hamburg: Paul Parey, Advances in Plant Breeding series no. 13; 1986. 132 p.Ross H. Potato breeding – problems and perspectives. Berlin, Hamburg: Paul Parey, Advances in Plant Breeding series no. 13; 1986. 132 p.Русецкий Н.В. Оценка исходного материала картофеля на иммунитет к вирусам картофеля. В кн.: Картофелеводство: сборник научных трудов. Минск; 2018. Т. 26. С.101-111.Rusetskiy N.V. Initial material assessment of potatoes for immunity to potato viruses (Otsenka iskhodnogo materiala kartofelya na immunitet k virusam kartofelya). In: Kartofelevodstvo = PotatoGrowing: proceedings. Minsk; 2018. Vol. 26. p.101-111 [in Russian]Русецкий Н.В., Воронкова Е.В. Выделение исходного материала картофеля на устойчивость к вирусам PVY и PVX и изучение характера ее наследования для использования в качества доноров признака в селекции на вирусоустойчивость. В кн.: Картофелеводство: сборник научных трудов. Минск; 2017. Т. 25. С.82-93.Rusetskiy N.V., Voronkova E.V. Initial potato material screening for resistance to PVY and PVX and study of the nature of its inheritance for the use as donor of this character in breeding for virus resistance (Vydeleniye iskhodnogo materiala kartofelya na ustoychivost k virusam PVY i PVX i izucheniye kharaktera yeye nasledovaniya dlya ispolzovaniya v kachestva donorov priznaka v selektsii na virusoustoychivost.). In: Kartofelevodstvo = PotatoGrowing: proceedings. Minsk; 2017. Vol. 25. p.82-93 [in Russian]Sato M., Nishikawa K., Komura K., Hosaka K. Potato virus Y resistance gene, Rychc, mapped to the distal end of potato chromosome 9. Euphytica. 2006;149(3):367-372. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-006-9090-ySato M., Nishikawa K., Komura K., Hosaka K. Potato virus Y resistance gene, Rychc, mapped to the distal end of potato chromosome 9. Euphytica. 2006;149(3):367-372. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-006-9090-yScholthof K.G., Adkins S., Czosnek H., Palukaitis P., Jacquot E., Hohn T., Hohn B., Saunders K., Candresse T., Ahlquist P., Hemenway C., Foster G.D. Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2011;12(9):938-954. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.xScholthof K.G., Adkins S., Czosnek H., Palukaitis P., Jacquot E., Hohn T., Hohn B., Saunders K., Candresse T., Ahlquist P., Hemenway C., Foster G.D. Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2011;12(9):938-954. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.xSolomon-Blackburn R.M., Barker H. A review of host major-gene resistance to potato viruses X, Y, A and V in potato: genes, genetics and mapped location. Heredity. 2001a;86(1):8-16. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00798.xSolomon-Blackburn R.M., Barker H. A review of host major-gene resistance to potato viruses X, Y, A and V in potato: genes, genetics and mapped location. Heredity. 2001a;86(1):8-16. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00798.xSolomon-Blackburn R.M., Barker H. Breeding virus resistant potatoes (Solanum tuberosum): a review of traditional and molecular approaches. Heredity. 2001b;86(1):17-35. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00799.xSolomon-Blackburn R.M., Barker H. Breeding virus resistant potatoes (Solanum tuberosum): a review of traditional and molecular approaches. Heredity. 2001b;86(1):17-35. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00799.xSong Ye-S., Hepting L., Schweizer G., Hartl L., Wenzel G., Schwarzfischer A. Mapping of extreme resistance to PVY (Rysto) on chromosome XII using anther-culture-derived primary dihaploid lines. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 2005;111(5):879-887. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0010-7Song Ye-S., Hepting L., Schweizer G., Hartl L., Wenzel G., Schwarzfischer A. Mapping of extreme resistance to PVY (Rysto) on chromosome XII using anther-culture-derived primary dihaploid lines. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 2005;111(5):879-887. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0010-7Song Ye-S., Schwarzfischer A. Development of STS markers for selection of extreme resistance (Rysto) to PVY and maternal pedigree analysis of extremely resistant cultivars. American Journal of Potato Research. 2008;85(5):159-170. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-008-9044-0.Song Ye-S., Schwarzfischer A. Development of STS markers for selection of extreme resistance (Rysto) to PVY and maternal pedigree analysis of extremely resistant cultivars. American Journal of Potato Research. 2008;85(5):159-170. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-008-9044-0.Sorri V.A., Watanabe K.N., Valkonen J.P.T. Predicted kinase-3a motif of a resistance gene analogue as a unique marker for virus resistance. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 1999;99(1):164-170.Sorri V.A., Watanabe K.N., Valkonen J.P.T. Predicted kinase-3a motif of a resistance gene analogue as a unique marker for virus resistance. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 1999;99(1):164-170.Tomczyńska I., Jupe F., Hein I., Marczewski W., Śliwka J. Hypersensitive response to Potato virus Y in potato cultivar Sarpo Mira is conferred by the Ny-Smira gene located on the long arm of chromosome IX. Molecular Breeding. 2014;34(2):471-480. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-014-0050-2Tomczyńska I., Jupe F., Hein I., Marczewski W., Śliwka J. Hypersensitive response to Potato virus Y in potato cultivar Sarpo Mira is conferred by the Ny-Smira gene located on the long arm of chromosome IX. Molecular Breeding. 2014;34(2):471-480. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-014-0050-2Vales M.I., Ottoman R.J., Ortega J.A., Yilma S., Karaagac E. Marker-Assisted Selection for PVY resistance in tetraploid potato. Acta Horticulturae. 2010;859:409-416. DOI:10/17660/ActaHortic.2010.859.50Vales M.I., Ottoman R.J., Ortega J.A., Yilma S., Karaagac E. Marker-Assisted Selection for PVY resistance in tetraploid potato. Acta Horticulturae. 2010;859:409-416. DOI:10/17660/ActaHortic.2010.859.50Valkonen J.P.T., Wiegmann K., Hämäläinen J.H., Marczewski W., Watanabe K.N. Evidence for utility of the same PCR-based markers for selection of extreme resistance to Potato virus Y controlled by Rysto of Solanum stoloniferum derived from different sources. Annual Applied Biology. 2008;152(1):121-130. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00194.xValkonen J.P.T., Wiegmann K., Hämäläinen J.H., Marczewski W., Watanabe K.N. Evidence for utility of the same PCR-based markers for selection of extreme resistance to Potato virus Y controlled by Rysto of Solanum stoloniferum derived from different sources. Annual Applied Biology. 2008;152(1):121-130. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00194.xVoronkova E., Luksha V., Gukasian O. Levy A., Yermishin A. Novel DNA locus associated with PVY resistance in potato is mapped to chromosome V. In: 16th Triennial Meeting of the Virology Section of the EAPR and 8th Annual Meeting of PVYWIDE Organization; 2016 May 31 - June 3; Lubljana, Slovenia. Liubljana; 2016. p.30.Voronkova E., Luksha V., Gukasian O. Levy A., Yermishin A. Novel DNA locus associated with PVY resistance in potato is mapped to chromosome V. In: 16th Triennial Meeting of the Virology Section of the EAPR and 8th Annual Meeting of PVYWIDE Organization; 2016 May 31 - June 3; Lubljana, Slovenia. Liubljana; 2016. p.30.Воронкова Е.В., Лукша В.И., Русецкий Н.В., Гукасян О.Н., Жарич В.М., Полюхович Ю.В., Ермишин А.П. Маркер-опосредованный отбор на наличие гена Rychc экстремальной устойчивости к PVY в коллекции генотипов, имеющих в родословной генетический материал Solanum chacoense. В кн.: Картофелеводство: сборник научных трудов. Минск; 2017a. Т. 25. С.47-59.Voronkova E.V., Luksha V.I., Rusetskiy N.V., Gukasyan O.N., Zharich V.M., Polyukhovich Yu.V., Yermishin A.P. Marker assisted selection of genotipes with Rychc gene of extreme resistance to PVY in genotypes collection with Solanum chacoense germplasm in their pedigree. In: Kartofelevodstvo = Potato Growing: proceedings. Minsk; 2017a. Vol. 25. p.47-59 [in Russian]Воронкова Е.В., Лукша В.И., Гукасян О.Н, Полюхович Ю.В., Жарич В.М., Ермишин А.П. Использование митотической полиплоидизации in vitro для создания мультиплексных родительских линий картофеля. В кн.: Молекулярная и прикладная генетика: сборник научных трудов. Минск; 2017b. Т. 22. С.62-75.Voronkova E.V., Luksha V.I., Gukasyan O.N., Polyukhovich Yu.V., Zharich V.M., Yermishin A.P. Use of mitotic chromosome doubling in vitro for production of potato multiplex parental lines. In: Molekulyarnaya i Prikladnaya Genetika = Molecular and Applied Genetics: proceedings. Minsk; 2017b. Vol. 22. p.62-75 [in Russian]Zimnoch-Guzowska E., Yin Zh., Chrzanovska M., Flis B. Sources and effectiveness of potato PVY resistance in IHAR’s breeding research. American Journal of Potato Research. 2013;90(1):21-27. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-012-9289-5Zimnoch-Guzowska E., Yin Zh., Chrzanovska M., Flis B. Sources and effectiveness of potato PVY resistance in IHAR’s breeding research. American Journal of Potato Research. 2013;90(1):21-27. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-012-9289-5Zoteyeva N., Chrzanovska M., Flis B., Zimnoch-Guzowska E. Resistance to pathogens of the potato accessions from the collection of N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry (VIR). American Journal of Potato Research. 2012;89(4):277-293. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-012-9252-5Zoteyeva N., Chrzanovska M., Flis B., Zimnoch-Guzowska E. Resistance to pathogens of the potato accessions from the collection of N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry (VIR). American Journal of Potato Research. 2012;89(4):277-293. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-012-9252-5

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.