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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biosel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Биотехнология и селекция растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Biotechnology and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2658-6266-2018-1-34-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biosel-6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гены-мишени для метаболической инженерии представителей семейства Solanaceae: эволюция и структурная организация</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The target genes for Solanaceae secondary metabolism engineering: evolution and genome organization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Acad. Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerson@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спасельникова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spaselnikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, 10;</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Acad. Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090;</p><p>2, Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerson@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумный</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumny</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Acad. Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerson@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, 10;</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Acad. Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090;</p><p>2, Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerson@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванова К.А., Спасельникова А.В., Шумный В.К., Герасимова С.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванова К.А., Спасельникова А.В., Шумный В.К., Герасимова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanova K.A., Spaselnikova A.V., Shumny V.K., Gerasimova S.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6">https://biosel.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6</self-uri><abstract><p>Метаболическая инженерия растений является инструментом получения продуцентов ценных метаболитов, и также может применяться для снижения токсичности ядовитых растений с целью расширения области их применения. Культурные растения семейства пасленовых широко применяются в хозяйственных целях. Вторичный метаболизм пасленовых (Solanaceae) отличается широким разнообразием. В селекции картофеля и томата направленно отбирались формы растений со сниженной токсичностью, а в селекции такого экзотического индийского растения, как витания снотворная (Withania somnifera L.), напротив, отбирались растения с повышенной токсичностью. В результате естественных процессов и направленного отбора, в геномах пасленовых сформировались сложные системы генов, регулирующих разнообразные биосинтетические процессы. Недавние исследования показывают, что формирование генетического контроля вторичного метаболизма происходило путем дупликаций генов первичного метаболизма и формирования кластеров, регулирующих новые метаболические пути. Секвенирование геномов пасленовых дает возможность отследить эволюционные пути формирования метаболизма алкалоидов, одних из наиболее представленных токсичных метаболитов этого семейства. Знание геномной организации и эволюции метаболизма алкалоидов позволяет предлагать стратегии по модификации его генетического контроля с целью снижения токсичности растений табака и картофеля. Получение безникотиновых форм табака (Nicotiana tabacum L.) позволит более широко вовлекать эту культуру в биотехнологию как перспективную растительную систему синтеза рекомбинантных белков. Снижение токсичности картофеля актуально для некоторых сортов и необходимо при привлечении в селекцию диких родственников этой культуры. В отличие от культурного картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.), многие дикие родственные ему виды накапливают токсичные стероидные гликоалкалоиды, что мешает введению этих видов в селекцию как доноров генов устойчивости к различным биотическим и абиотическим факторам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metabolic engineering of plant secondary metabolism provides a way to obtain plants with elevated level of valuable molecular compounds. Alternatively, metabolic engineering can be used for reduction of toxic substances accumulation in plant tissues. This approach allows one to expand the application of toxic plants in agriculture and biotechnology. The crops of Solanaceae family provide an example of toxic plants of high economic value. Solanaceae family includes edible crops such as potato, tomato and eggplants, medicinal plants like Withania somnifera L. and major non-food crop Nicotiana tabacum L. The secondary metabolism of Solanaceae family is widely diverse and includes the biosynthesis and accumulation of number of toxic compounds, such as nicotine and other alkaloids in tobacco, steroidal glycoalcaloids in potato and withanolides in winter cherry W. somnifera. The secondary metabolic pathways of Solanaceae family have evolved from primary metabolism via duplication of the enzyme coding genes and diversification of genes functions. Local, segment and the whole genome duplications and subsequent formation of metabolic genes clusters are the main processes in secondary metabolic pathways formation. Recent whole genome sequence data from number of Sonanaceae species allows one to reconstruct the putative mechanism of primary and secondary metabolism genetic control and evolution. Genomic data together with novel guided endonuclease based genome modification tools provide an opportunity for introduction of precise changes into secondary metabolism. Suppression of nicotine accumulation in tobacco is promising approach for developing of novel plant systems for molecular farming. Toxicity of wild potato relatives impedes their usage in potato breeding. Tobacco and wild potato toxicity reduction can be achieved by different genome modification approaches: knock-out of the key enzyme genes of alkaloids synthesis, the large deletion of the whole cluster of the secondary metabolic genes or the precise editing of key transcription factors in secondary metabolism regulation pathways.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Nicotiana tabacum</kwd><kwd>картофель</kwd><kwd>табак</kwd><kwd>геномная инженерия</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas</kwd><kwd>никотин</kwd><kwd>стероидные гликоалкалоиды</kwd><kwd>гены GAME</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nicotiana tabacum</kwd><kwd>potato</kwd><kwd>tobacco</kwd><kwd>genome engineering</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas</kwd><kwd>nicotine</kwd><kwd>steroidal glycoalkaloids</kwd><kwd>GAME genes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>РФФИ, грант 18-416-543004</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdelkareem A. et al. 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