Agroecological adaptedness of fiber flax specimens

The most important requirement to be met by promising varieties is adaptability, i. e., the ability to resist environmental factors that reduce productivity and product quality. To create such varieties, a constant search for sources and donors of consistently manifested economically valuable traits is required. For this purpose, agroecological adaptedness and its components were assessed for 42 fiber flax specimens with respect to the most important features, namely the yield of flax fiber and its number. Significant differences (P_0.05) between the specimens concerning these characteristics were established. The average fiber yield in the study was 87.9 g/m². In 23 specimens, the yield exceeded the average value. The maximum fiber yield was recorded for the Russian specimens ‘Tonus’ (130.6 g/m²) and ‘Nord’ (128.3 g/m²). These specimens had the highest long fiber yield (42.7 and 40.4 g/m²), respectively.

The average number of the scutched long fiber in the study was 10.1. This value exceeded the average one in 24 specimens. The Belarusian varieties ‘Alej’ and ‘Mogilyovskij’ had the maximum number of the scutched long fiber for three years (11.3), and also maximum indices (1.2) concerning the number of the scutched long fiber.

A high degree of responsiveness to improved environmental conditions (Ri) expressed as an increase in the long fiber yield was demonstrated by the varieties ‘Alej’, ‘Tonus’, ‘Surskij’, ‘Cezar’ (Ri = 39.4%, 35.4%, 32.9%, 32.2% respectively), and that expressed in the number of the long scutched fiber was displayed by specimens ‘Sal'do’ × ‘Rodnik’ (Ri=19.8%), ‘Surskij’, ‘Venus’, VIR-14, and VIR-12, (Ri=16.5%).

The specimens Vera (D_i= –7.14%), Batist (D_i= –7.69%), and VIR-15 (D_i= –10.64%) were characterized by low responsiveness to unfavorable factors in respect of the long fiber yield. Such conditions did not cause a decrease in the number of the long scutched fiber in the specimens ‘Dobrynya’, ‘Diplomat’, ‘Polisky 4’, VIR-13, ‘L'vovskіj 8’, ‘Esman’, and ‘Miander’ (D_i,%=0.0). The specimens ‘Tonus’ (D_i= –44.3%), ‘Cezar’ (D_i= –43.8%), ‘Lino de fibra’ (D_i= –42.1%), China 1 TMR1919 (D_i= –41.8%), Gorizont (D_i=–40,9%) were highly responsive to stress factors in terms of fiber yield. A sharp decrease in the number of the long scutched fiber under unfavorable factors was observed for specimens ‘Kaliakra’, VIR-17, ‘Venus’, and ‘Sursky’ (D_i= –27,7%).

Thirteen specimens received high ratings of agroecological adaptedness in terms of the yield of fibre and its number. The Belarusian variety ‘Alej’, Lithuanian specimens B-192, B-168 and the Russian ‘Dobrynya’ were included in the first group with a high degree of agroecological adaptedness with respect to the studied characteristics.

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