Genetic Passports: Science for the Economy
https://doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2025-2-o5
Abstract
In the current difficult conditions of abrupt climate change, sanctions policies, and the challenge of achieving technological leadership by the Russian Federation, the importance of expanding and preserving the genetic diversity of agricultural plants and improving the efficiency of identifying and documenting varieties and hybrids is increasing. The article considers all stages of the development of cultivar identification. Particular attention is paid to the regulation of related issues at the international and national levels, as well as to the improvement of the conceptual apparatus. A note is made that important groundwork for the development of cultivar identification technologies is being created in the course of research planned within the framework of the activities of National Centers for Plant Genetic Resources. The development of modern technologies for genetic certification and the prospects for assembling plant pangenomes make it possible to advance from cultivar identification “4.0” to the implementation of the version “5.0”. The article reviews recent changes in the market of the agro-industrial complex as a factor influencing attention to genetic passports. It was noted that the development of suitable arbitration methods for certification is a major joint effort of both leading centers of excellence in plant biology and plant breeding, and business stakeholders wish to obtain high-quality planting material. The use of such methods will create a solid foundation for preventing the illegal appropriation of intellectual property and can also have a positive impact on the development of related sectors.
Supporting agencies: The work was carried out within the framework of the implementation of the Program of Development of the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources under the Agreement No. 075-02-2025-1584 with the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated February 26, 2025.
About the Authors
E. K. Khlestkina
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena K. Khlestkina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Corr. Member of the RAS, Director, VIR
42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
T. A. Gavrilenko
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatjana A. Gavrilenko, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher, Biotechnology Department, VIR
42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
I. G. Chukhina
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irena G. Chukhina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Agrobotany and in situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources, VIR
42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
M. A. Gekht
LLC «Rusid»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mark A. Gekht, CEO, Managing Partner of RUSEED, LLC «Rusid»
169, offices 407-408, 506, Yankovsky Street, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Region, 350015 Russia
O. Yu. Antonova
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga Yu. Antonova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Head, Laboratory of Molecular Breeding and DNA Certification, Department of Biotechnology, VIR
42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
Yu. V. Ukhatova
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yulia V. Ukhatova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Deputy Director, VIR; Sirius University
42, 44, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia;, 1, Olympic Avenue, "Sirius" Urban-type Settlement, Sirius Federal Region, Krasnodar region, 354340 Russia
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Khlestkina E.K., Gavrilenko T.A., Chukhina I.G., Gekht M.A., Antonova O.Yu., Ukhatova Yu.V. Genetic Passports: Science for the Economy. Plant Biotechnology and Breeding. 2025;8(2):63-79. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2025-2-o5
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